The Prado Promenade - The Story of a Place in Havana

Not only does Madrid, the Spanish capital, have atravel, look around, talk and laugh aloud, exhibiting
Prado Promenade, also in Havana we find a placethemselves and being greeted non stop..." The
with this name and already more than 200 years ofPromenade had comfortable sidewalks and benches,
history. Of course we are not going to defend in thiswhere people rested, in case they were on foot.
work the supremacy of the Havana promenade overFive music bands, strategically situated, played their
the genuine one. Any person who knows a littlemusic.
about history could easily realize that the Cuban oneThe structure of the Prado has remained the same
was built by the Spanish colonialists trying to imitatethrough the years, but its central section was not
the one in Madrid. This happened around the yearpaved before, although it did have leafy trees in both
1772, but we will be talking about it later.sides as it does today.
First of all, I would like to refer to the PradoDuring the first American military intervention
Promenade as it is today, a notable character in the(1899-1902), some improvements were made and
city identity. It is a two-way street almost onepoplar-trees were planted. During President Zayas'
kilometer long, whose main section has a sort ofgovernment (1921-25), pine-trees; during Machado's
park lined with trees separating both ways andpresidency, laurels, which are the most common
allowing walkers to enjoy the promenade, protectedtrees nowadays.
from the ever present intense Cuban sun. It is aThe Prado Promenade present appearance is due to
very centric place at the edge of the world-wideGerardo Machado's government and more specifically,
known historical center of the city, which starts nextto his Minister of Public Works, Carlos Miguel de
to the Malecon Avenue and has, on one of its sides,Cespedes. He wanted Havana to be a modern city.
the monumental Capitol, a "must" for visitorsFor this purpose, he brought J.C.N, a specialist in
spending their Cuba vacations. Around Pradogardens, promenades and parks from Paris to
Promenade the visitor can also find where to stayHavana, to give the necessary advice. Carlos Miguel
for there are many hotels that show their balconiesde Cespedes built the Capitol and Las Misiones
and windows to it. Walking up from the sea, first weAvenue, occupying part of the space of the old wall.
find the mythic Sevilla Hotel, the number one of theHe had the National Hotel of Cuba designed and,
Cuba hotels in the past. A little further is the Parqueamong other works, had the Prado Promenade
Central Hotel, besides the park of the same name.remodeled. The central promenade was then paved
Crossing the park is the dean of Cuban hotels:with a beautiful terrazzo floor. Stone and marble
TheTelegrafo (Telegraph) Hotel and besides it,benches were set, artistic lamps gave the place
another that opened in the middle of the 19thexcellent lighting and abundant ornaments, such as
Century: The Inglaterra (England) Hotel; almost at thecups and corbels were situated all along the
end of the avenue is the Saratoga Hotel. Thepromenade. Also, the famous lion sculptures heading
presence of so many hotels in this area is not mereeach block and imitating the original piecework
coincidence: The Prado Promenade was always onebrought by Carlos Miguel de Cespedes from London
of the busiest places in the Cuban capital. Let us talkin 1920 were placed.
about its history.The remodeled Prado continued being, more than
Havana did not have the avenues that characterizedever, what was called the Great Hall, the Havana
the opulent cities of the old Europe until 1772. Therestage box, around which, carnivals and military and
were only two in the city and rather unsophisticated.civil parades took place.
One started at La Punta Castle, at the bay entrance,The construction of the National Capitol (1929)
up to San Lazaro inlet, around what today is thebrought about the separation of the Prado into two
Ameijeiras Hospital. This promenade becamewell-defined sections, as we said before. One, with its
afterwards San Lazaro Street. The avenue was notleafy promenade, goes from the Malecon up to the
paved and people walked under the shade of theCentral Park. The other, from the Central Park to the
grape trees. On one side was the sea and on theFraternity Park, is not tree-covered.
other, the orchards in the area. The other avenueIt is not strange to see that a place as old and
started at one of the city wall gates with which therelevant through the times as the Prado, barely called
Spanish tried to keep the city safe from pirate andso by Havana people, might have witnessed historical
corsair attacks. This avenue went along Monte (Hill)breaking points concerning different layers of society.
Street, was also unpaved and under the shade ofThe Prado is no exception; we could also mention
coconut trees.the Fausto Theater, located on the corner of Prado
Havana was in these conditions when Felipe de Fonsand Colon (Colombus), the first to provide citizens
de Viela, Marquis de La Torre, was named Captainwith the chance to enjoy the "spoken cinema".
General of the Island by the King of Spain Charles II.To conclude, if walking up and down the Prado you
This Marquis is considered the first great townhave ever felt the need to inquire to whom the
planner of the city. He forbade the construction ofmonuments around the promenade have been
palm street roof houses and insisted on providingdevoted, I will tell you ... Near Prado and Malecon
Havana with a theater, a Government House, and athere's one, dedicated to Juan Clemente Zenea, an
promenade.important Cuban poet executed by the Spanish
This first promenade was not yet the main charactercolonialists in 1871; and in Prado and Neptuno is the
of today's story. Actually, the first city promenadebust of great journalist and patriot Manuel de la Cruz.
was the Alameda (poplar tree line) de Paula, namedYet, undoubtedly, the most sumptuous monument of
like that because on one of its sides was the Santhe promenade is not devoted to any outstanding
Francisco de Paula Hospital. Although its constructionpersonality of our history.imagen4.jpgThe Fountain of
started in 1772, in the same year as the Prado, itthe Indian Woman, or, La Noble Habana, was set in
was finished before.imagen2.jpgIn 1841, Prado was1837, made by Italian sculptor Giuseppe Gaggini. It is
already considered the city main promenade; the citya marbel statue in the center of the fountain on a
had been growing beyond the wall limits and thewide base of the same material, with four dolphins.
Prado was no longer at a disadvantage in relation toThe main figure is a woman sitting and ornamented
the Alameda for its location outside the city wall, as itwith feathers. It has a symbolic meaning and
was before. Several local color writers of the timerepresents Havana City.
illustrated in their works how lively the Prado wasAt the beginning, it was placed next to its current
then .site, near the Fraternity Park. In 1863, as agreed by
There were so many carriages going about theHavana Town Council, it was taken to Central Park.
street at that moment, that it was necessary "theIn 1875, it was transferred to the place it is today,
most rigorous attention to avoid being run over",but facing the Fraternity Park, until 1928, when,
wrote Galician writer Jacinto Salas Quiroga in his bookwithout moving it from its original site, it was moved
"Around the Island of Cuba". And he continued: "theto the position it still has, at the end of Prado
folding hoods of all these vehicles are kept down,Promenade. The fountain that symbolizes the City of
showing a gentleman by himself, frequently a ladyHavana could not be in a better place than the Prado.
and a gentleman; sometimes, three people who